发扬中医药学要从医学教育中找良方

以学习应用中医25年的亲身经历,指出中医存在先天不足、后天失养等问题,提出应将中医教育纳入我国医学教育基础体系,从源头上打破中医、西医人为的界限,造就一大批兼容中、西医的医学生,才能使中医药学真正发扬光大.     

中西医结合临床思路浅谈——论辨证与辨病的关系

辨证与辨病是两种不同的思维方式,西医辨病又辨证,中医辨证又辨病,辨病与辨证是中医与西医都遵循的诊治过程,在临床中辩证运用中医与西医有利于中西医结合临床思路的建立     

中西医结合临床思路浅谈--论辨证与辨病的关系

辨证与辨病是两种不同的思维方式,西医辨病又辨证,中医辨证又辨病,辨病与辨证是中医与西医都遵循的诊治过程,在临床中辩证运用中医与西医有利于中西医结合临床思路的建立     

神气乎形器乎

中医与西医的本质区别在哪里?在"神气"与"形器",即西医唯"形"在解剖组织中论功能,中医重"神"在阴阳神气中论形器.但我们长期把中西医区别定位在宏观与微观、整体与局部,把中医局限在西医解剖结构框框里,在有形中"寻求中医的实质,从六经、命门、三焦到证本质,孜孜不倦,大有不在‘形器'中找到证明中医科学的证据誓不罢休之势."[1]但事与愿违,故不少人否定中医,提出用西医解剖结构之生理病理改造中医.     

走出中西医结合模式的误区

中西医汇通的实质是站在中医的立场理解西医、解释西医、评价西医;目前的中西医结合模式则是站在西医及西方自然科学的立场理解中医、解释中医、评价中医.从表面看,目前的中西医结合与中西医汇通思路相反,但从深层看,两者并无本质区别.目前的中西医结合模式与当年的中西医汇通一样是行不通的.     

走出中西医结合模式的误区

中西医汇通的实质是站在中医的立场理解西医、解释西医、评价西医;目前的中西医结合模式则是站在西医及西方自然科学的立场理解中医、解释中医、评价中医。从表面看,目前的中西医结合与中西医汇通思路相反,但从深层看,两者并无本质区别。目前的中西医结合模式与当年的中西医汇通一样是行不通的。     

“现代中医”——中医现代化的实现者

中医经过几千年的发展,为中华民族的繁衍昌盛,作出了巨大的贡献。近百年来中医药曲折的发展史和今天中医现代化的呼声,留给中医药工作者极大启发。1现代中医的概念陈镜合认为[1]现代中医不是指中医学西医或西医学中医,而是以中医为主的中西结合医。既不同于不懂西医的传统中医,更不同于以西医为主的中西结合医。是源于传统又超出传统,来自中医又超出中医;以“古为今用”与“洋为中用”为指导,按“先中后西、能中不西、中西结合”的原则,进行临床、教学与科研的当代中医师。陆明等认为[2]现代中医可分为:传统中医,占中医的极少数;中西医结合…     

中医现代化的引进、补充与存疑路径研究

中医博大精深,不可将"汇通"、"科学化"、"废止"、"结合"中的其一作为中医现代化的唯一途径,而必须是同时包含有上述诸多内容的,经整理分析后可概括为引进、补充和存疑这三条现代化路径。引进部分,根据其可通约性将西医直接拿来补课;补充部分,根据其各自特色优势进行优势互补;存疑部分,根据其接受度暂时搁置从无谓争议中解放出来。这样的现代化努力,可能会出现"中医取代西医"、"中医补充西医"和"中医被西医覆盖"这样三种局面,而其最终究竟如何将完全取决于中医各界的努力程度。     

从临床诊治系统性红斑狼疮谈中西医结合的思路

1　既辨证、又辨病 ,诊断学上的中西医结合中医重宏观 ,西医重微观 ;中医重整体 ,西医重局部 ;中医重辨证 ,西医重辨病 ,这是中、西医学的优势和特点。分而言之 ,中医是辨证论治 ,通过望、闻、问、切四诊获得“证候”之后 ,再根据中医的藏象、经络、气血、病因病机理论 ,在证候与自然、社会、心理等诸多因素的关系分析中 ,确定病因病机以辨证求因 ;而西医是“辨病施治” ,根据来自病人、作为认识疾病重要线索的症状 ,进行具有针对性的仪器或实验室检查 ,以明确局部的病灶 (器官、组织、细胞 )的病理改变 ,或产生这种病理改变的致病因子 ,做…     

现代中医教学及其未来模式的探讨

现代中医教学及其未来模式的探讨第一军医大学珠江医院（广州５１０２８２）孔炳耀一、以现代中医管理理论指导教学中医药高等教学模式，除医史文献专业外，其它学科大多参照西医院校的学科设置方式来确定中医学科，用西医的模式来要求和规范中医，造成学生习惯于西医学的...     

Together – apart: in touch in a time of separation

This paper explores the experience of working as a Jungian analyst through the various phases of the global COVID-19 pandemic, examining the importance of the physical containing space alongside the analyst’s internal mind and how technology can both help and hinder understanding. A number of clinical vignettes illustrate the challenge of communicating over a distance, paying particular attention to the way countertransference phenomena can become re-attuned. Reference is made to mythology and symbols of hope, and consideration given to the meaning and purpose of the pandemic.     

Language,politics and dreams: the challenges of building resilience in refugees

This paper describes a case study of a 60-year-old Peruvian refugee in some detail, focusing on the importance of building emotional resilience in a patient in Spanish in order to create a space for learning the English language – the patient did not speak English after 20 years of living in Britain. The work was carried out with an interpreter and some of the literature on working with interpreters is referred to. The paper also briefly outlines the refugee journey in broad terms, which is a journey from the culturally known to the culturally unknown. The question of how well the literature on resilience, which sits firmly within a Western developmental perspective, can be applied to refugees, most of whom come from group and family-based cultures dominated by ideas of honour and shame, is discussed. The paper also touches on the importance of the receiving country enabling or not, as the case may be, a transitional space for refugees who have lost their home and are seeking to find a safe haven in a strange culture.     

Phenotypic plasticity and archetype: a response to common objections to the biological theory of archetype and instinct

Since Jung’s death in 1961, scholars have attempted to integrate growing biological science data into Jungian concepts such as the collective unconscious, instincts and the archetypes. This enterprise has been challenging due to persistent false dichotomies of gene and environment occasionally arising. Recent works by Roesler (2022a, 2022b) for example, have raised objections to the biological theory of archetypes, but the objections are plagued by such dichotomies. The concept of phenotypic plasticity, however, helps to both avoid this problem as well as bridge the gap between competing theories into a more integrated model with solid biological foundations.     

The Possibility of Meaning in Human Evolution

Science undermines the certitude of non-naturalistic answers to the question of whether human life has meaning. I explore whether evolution can provide a naturalistic basis for existential meaning. Using the work of philosopher Daniel Dennett and scientist Ursula Goodenough, I argue that evolution is the locus of the possibility of meaning because it has produced intentionality, the matrix of consciousness. I conclude that the question of the meaning of human life is an existentialist one: existential meaning is a product of the individual and collective tasks human beings undertake.     

When is it time to stop? When good enough becomes bad enough

This article draws on Winnicott’s concept of the good enough mother to discuss how to know whether a therapeutic situation is good enough to continue or bad enough to end. This dilemma is explored in terms of clinical syndromes, such as anorexia and pathological gambling, but focuses mainly on analyst-initiated endings, which are termed the ‘Casablanca dilemma’, based on an amplification of the ending of the film Casablanca. The author goes on to discuss such one-sided endings, drawing on interviews with 40 analysts and therapists about their clinical experience. A typology of bad enough endings is presented. The psychological differences between a good enough analysis as opposed to a bad enough one are explored through the ideas of Winnicott and Neumann.     

Seeing in the Dark: A View into Dissociation and Healing

In this paper, I will explore the role of art-making, the experience of trauma and dissociation, and the process of working with self-states from an analytic and creative frame. Relevant literature on dissociation, trauma, and the use of art will be discussed. A case involving my work with an adolescent girl who had experienced sexual abuse from a family member will be shared, with an emphasis on the meaningful role images played during the therapeutic process. Both Jungian and psychoanalytic models of conceptualizing and working with dissociation are included, following Donald Kalsched’s (2013) recommendation for a “binocular stance” to treatment, including both a focus on the inner, intrapsychic world and the interpersonal, relational realm, and how art images both illuminated and expressed these realms. Within the therapeutic process, art images allowed the therapist a view into the client’s unconscious process, and created a meeting ground for dissociative barriers to be gradually seen, felt and known, by both therapist and client. The experience of dissociation, in images and in session, provided a reference point for myself and my client, Taylor, to develop a shared understanding and a framework for growth.     

The transcendent function in Spitteler’s Prometheus and Epimetheus

In August 2020, John Beebe and Steve Myers met via Zoom to discuss their differing interpretations of psychological typology and the different sources within Jung’s writings that influenced their books: Integrity in Depth: Energies and Patterns in Psychological Type (Beebe), and Myers-Briggs Typology vs Jungian Individuation (Myers). The discussion centred on Spitteler’s epic poem Prometheus und Epimetheus, which forms the basis of chapter V of Psychological Types. This is both the largest chapter and one of two chapters that Jung highlighted in the Argentine foreword as containing the essence of the book. Jung’s book is primarily about the transformation of personality rather than the categorization of people. Although it contains a critical psychology that deconstructs the nature of consciousness, that is only one half of the book and a stepping-stone to the other half, which is the reconciliation of opposites with particular emphasis on the relation of consciousness and the unconscious. Jung assumed that readers were already familiar with Prometheus und Epimetheus, an understanding of which sheds light on the nature of the transformation that Jung described – the development of a new attitude towards attitude itself.     

Kann Es Ein Argument Für Den Skeptizismus Geben? Das Epistemische Problem Der Irrtumsmöglichkeit

Summary  Is there any argument for scepticism? The epistemic problem of the possibility of error. Arguments for scepticism rest on the assumption that knowledge claims are fallible. For this reason the concept of knowledge appears to be questionable. Since it is necessary to distinguish doubts from possible doubts, the arguments for scepticism appear to be unconvincing. If we take it into account that we know something that is immune to doubt, we should draw the conclusion that, contrary to scepticism, knowledge claims have to be compatible with being fallible. Thus any knowledge claim is capable of being doubted.     

Chapter 6: Biblical Foundations for a Practical Theology of Aging

SUMMARY

This article reviews Biblical sources pertaining to the elderly, particularly the frail elderly. Founded on these sources, implications for elderly with Alzheimer's Disease and other forms of dementia are addressed through a personal perspective informed by writings of Christian mystics.