《荀子》窥管

<正> (一)木直中绳,輮以为轮,其曲中规(《劝学》) 梁启雄曰:“《淮南·原道》注:‘中,适也。’《汉书·刑法志》注:‘中,当也。’归纳:《天论》‘中则可从’,《正名》‘心之所可中理’,《赋》‘圆者中规,方者中矩’,《儒效》‘比中而行之’,《哀公》‘行中规绳’,各句的‘中’字都有‘适当’之意。”(《荀子简释》) 句中两“中”字均当读去声,动词,义为“符合”。《穆天子传》“味中糜胃而滑”,郭璞注:“中,犹合也。”《管子·四时》“不中者死”,注:“中,犹合也。”《商君书·君臣》:“言不中法者,不听也;行不中法     

《周易研究》2005年总目录

(姓名后、圆点前的数字为期数，圆点后的数字为页码) .楚竹书《周易》研究. 今、帛、竹书《周易》疑难卦艾辞及其今、古文辨析(三) 上博馆藏楚竹书《周易》初析··········································……’二’‘…”‘”””’‘”’“’“”””‘”“’“.””” 今、帛、竹书《周易》与今、古文问题·································4····················……“’‘”””二‘”””“‘””’‘” 《周易》释读八则 —以楚竹…     

二元论哲学评价

恩格斯说,二元论“在哲学的发展上”是“起过很重要的作用”的。就我们理解所及,它在哲学发展史上的地位和作用可概括为以下几点: (一)二元论是哲学发展的必不可少的环节,是唯心主义与唯物主义互相转化的过渡桥梁。费尔巴哈的热忱的信徒阿·劳讲过一段批判康德的话:“康德哲学是有两面性的〈模梭两可的〉。它既是唯物主义,又是唯心主义。理解康德哲学实质的关键就在于它的这种二重性。……‘自在之物’是区分康德的唯心主义和贝克莱的唯心主义的东西,它架起了一座从唯心主义通向唯物主义的桥梁。这就是我对康德哲学的批判,谁能驳斥这个批判,就请驳斥吧……”(《路德维希·费尔巴哈的哲学,现代自然科学和哲学批判》1882年莱比锡版第87—89页)我们为什么要驳斥这种正确之见呢?     

1988年《五台山研究》总目录

五台山研究与宣传左五台山研究会首届学术思想讨论会上的开幕词 ”””.””.’“‘’.”·‘……“……白清才(13)五台山研究观划大纲……五台山研究会(14)在五台山研究会首届学术思想讨论会上的发言 ‘”””‘”.”’‘””’·’二‘·····……任继愈(15)左五首:听拜究会首届学术思想讨论会上的闭幕词 ’‘’.””‘’“’.“””.””..’…”’二杨建峰(18)几位专家学者在五台山研究会首届学术思想讨论会 上的发言···“·.’..··“一本刊编辑部(23)庄首届甲日五台山佛教学术会议预备会上的欢迎辞 ‘”“””‘’‘””’‘’…     

一个寻求意义的主体:高龄老人的脆弱和尊严

西方世界的特征之一就是人口日益老化和寿命的提高。不过,正像罗歇·方丹所写的那样,“我们虽然应当对这个事实感到高兴,但同时应当强调指出的是,老年期(oldage)揭示了各种存在于个体之间的、意义深远的差异。实际上,我们不应当谈论‘一种老年期’,而应当谈论‘各种老年期’。专家们已经对一般的老年期、成功的老年期和病态的老年期进行过某种区分。”[1]卡特琳·居谢特[2]指出,在20世纪末,有两种在概念上属功利主义的关于老年期的意象共同存在:这就是有关“奢华灿烂的”老年期的意象和有关“依赖性”老年期的意象。后者是与自主性和尊严的…     

作为哲学范畴的"和"--"和"的哲学阐释

“和”是中国哲学的一个古老观念,早在《尚书》、《诗经》、《国语》等文献中,已出现了“和”这一名词及相关思想。大体而言,“和”既有天道观的意义,也有人道观的内涵。从天道观上看,“和”主要被理解为事物生成、运行、存在的条件和方式,史伯所谓“和实生物,同则不继”《国语·郑语》）,便是指事物的形成要以不同要素的相互作用和统一为前提。这一思路在尔后的中国哲学中一再得到了发挥,从荀子的“万物各得其和以生”《荀子·天论》）、《淮南子》的“阴阳合和而万物生”《淮南子·天文训》）,到董仲舒的“和者,天地之所生成”…     

“宰予昼寝”新解

《论语·公冶长》：“宰予昼寝。子曰：‘朽木不可雕也,粪土之墙不可NB648也;于予与何诛?’”中“昼寝”一语,古来注家多解为“白天睡觉”,但这样就发生一个问题,即如此小事,孔子的批评不就太过严厉了吗?所以,汉代王充《论衡·问孔篇》反孔,举此事指孔子“责小过以大恶,安能服人”。此外,还有两种说法,一种认为繁体的“昼”与“画”形近而讹,“昼”当作“画”。这个说法最早见于唐代韩愈、李翱的《论语笔解》。唐代李匡义作《资暇录》也说：“寝,梁武帝读为‘寝室’之‘寝’,‘昼’作胡挂反,且云当是‘画’字,言其画寝…     

多想想“思则期多,字惟求少”的古训

‘简洁’、‘洗练’,是吾中华民族关于说话、行文的古训。(梁)刘勰《文心雕龙·议对》即有‘文以辩洁为能,不以繁缛为巧’之说,(唐)刘知几《史通·叙事》亦认‘文约而事丰’为‘述作之尤美者’。刘知几还举出并改正了‘烦句’、‘烦字’例子各一。(1)《春秋谷梁传》(成公元年)记载齐国接待鲁、晋、卫、曹四位秃、眇(一目瞎)、跛(一足瘸)、偻(曲背)使者的一句话:‘齐使秃者御秃者,使眇者御眇者,使跛者御跛者,使偻者御倭者。’刘曰:‘宜除“跛者”已下句,但云各以其类逆’。(刘氏原引文‘御’字作‘逆’)(2)《汉书·张苍传》     

《论语·子路》中“南人有言”之“南人”考

《论语·子路》：“子曰：南人有言曰：‘人而无恒,不可以作巫医。’善夫！‘不恒其德,或承之羞’。子曰：‘不占而已矣。’”在《礼记·缁衣》中有一段基本相同的文字：“子曰：南人有言曰：‘人而无恒,不可以为卜筮。……’《易》曰：‘不恒其德,或承之羞。’……”这个“南人”是谁？历代注家都说是南国之人。这自然没有错,但等于不说。来可泓先生说是吴、楚之人来可泓《论语直解》,复旦大学出版社１９９６年版,第３６４页。,饶宗颐先生说是楚人饶宗颐《帛书〈系辞传〉"大恒"说》,载《道家文化研究》第３辑,上海古籍出版社１９…     

1988年《心理科学通讯》总目录

心理学如何为全世界人民的心理卫生作贡献悼念潘获教授·…‘二‘’‘”‘”’‘”’‘’‘’‘””’“‘’“‘悼念刘范研究员·····……韦恩·霍尔茨曼(1)1<心理科学通讯)编委会(4)立《心理科学通讯>编委会(4)’冬研究报告与论文6一11岁儿童的因果判断:(2)时间和空间因素的作用再探··················……刘范方富熹(1)习教学对儿童掌握持续时间概念的作用···························································……陈国鹏等(1)13中小学生团体…     

"Psychotherapy" versus "treatment"

Presents a comment on "Psychological treatments" by D. H. Barlow. Barlow proposed that we distinguish between the terms "treatment" and "psychotherapy." The author believes that not only is the distinction unnecessary, but that its implications could have negative consequences for the field of clinical psychology. It is the proposed distinguishing feature that treatments are "specifically tailored to the pathological process that is causing the impairment and distress" that is most problematic. Clinical psychology does not need a distinction that further exacerbates the split between researchers and practitioners.     

"Enmeshment" and "Fusion"

The paper examines two related concepts utilized by two different schools of family therapy. Any family seen to be "enmeshed" is also seen as "fused," and vice versa. The difference in the level of focus, on the "system containing the individuals" (structural) or the "individual in the system" (fusion), determines the difference in therapeutic approach of these two schools.     

"本体论"与"伦理学"--形而上学的两个向度

形而上学有两个密切相关的内在向度,就是本体论向度与伦理学向度.在哲学史上,哲学家们之所以在"追求形而上学"的同时,又总是"反形而上学",并非是人们的形上本性出了问题,而是因为人们总是将形而上学视为单纯的"一维性",总是用一个向度来取代或遮蔽另一个向度.而所谓的"后形而上学思想",也并不是消解了形而上学,而是指形而上学从"本体论向度"转向了"伦理学向度".     

“对的”与“好的”

什么是“对的”,和对它的证立,是道德哲学中具有争议性的核心问题,也是效用主义和道义论间的主要差异之所在。统合效用主义对于“好的就是对的”这个陈述有一套完整周延的说法。而道义论对这个问题的证立不够周延或没有足够的说服力。     

"石狮"、"风水"与"吉祥"

谁都知道,在古老的中国,不管是衙门、宫殿、庙宇的门前,还是豪宅、大户人家的门口,人们都能看到摆着一对石狮。据说,这对石狮子在许多中国人的心目中,它不但是一种气派的象征,而且还是一种被人认为是好的“吉祥物”。如今,旧时的衙门没有了,但遗留下来的宫殿、庙宇的门前,其中有些石狮仍有保存。然而,想像不到的是,这号称“吉祥物”的石狮今天却开始“走”进某些党政机关的大门口,它们(石狮)在那里时时都在保护着这些政府要员“平平安安”、“吉祥如意”。这不仅使我联想起一些极端的报道,有些政府官员为升迁,请算命先生定位,用风水术为政府…     

"Us" and "Them":

Abstract: In the Aristotelian tradition, politics is a matter of public deliberation over questions of justice and injustice. The Bush administration's response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, has been uniformly hostile to this notion, and it has instead promoted a jingoistic politics of self‐assertion by an America largely identified with the executive branch of its government. This is doubly disturbing, as the executive branch has sought to free itself from international law, multinational commitments, and domestic judicial regulation, even as it has sought to validate itself by demonizing its enemies. This essay draws out the disturbing echoes here of Carl Schmitt's work of the 1920s, in particular of Schmitt's conception of the sovereign as the ungrounded ground of the law and the political as the site of mortal conflict between friend and enemy. The essay argues that Schmitt's position in the twenties, for all of its evident problems, is superior to that of Bush, Wolfowitz, and Ashcroft in at least two senses: Schmitt condemns the idea of waging war for profit and recognizes that such wars will often be disguised as moral crusades waged against the “inhuman”; and he acknowledges that claiming to fight a war for humanity denies one's enemies their humanity, leaving them open to torture and even extermination.     

PREFERRING "HOUSEWIVES" TO "FEMINISTS"

Four studies are described outlining the favorability of attitudes toward women. In Study 1, participants indicated their attitudes toward women and men and their construal of the term "women". The results revealed that women were evaluated more favorably than men, but that male right-wing authoritarians (RWAs) who construed women as referring primarily to feminists were least favorable in their attitudes. In Study 2, participants indicated their attitudes toward both "housewives" and "feminists". The results revealed that feminists were evaluated less favorably than housewives, and that the most negative attitudes toward feminists were expressed by authoritarian men. Study 3 revealed that high-RWA males held more negative symbolic beliefs concerning feminists (i.e., beliefs that feminists failed to promote participants'values) and that these beliefs accounted for variation in attitudes among high RWAs and much of the RWA-attitude relation. Finally, Study 4 revealed that high RWAs perceived greater value dissimilarity between them-selves and feminists. The implications of the findings for future research are discussed.     

从"管制"到"平衡"--政府与公众理想关系模式的构建及其制度化

论文从行政民主的角度探讨政府与公众之间的理想关系模式及其制度化构建过程 ,将我国在改革之前的政府与公众模式概括为管制模式。论文指出 ,在制度变迁的过程中 ,这一模式日益受到挑战。而在新的制度环境下 ,我国政府与公众的关系模式应该是平衡模式。这一模式的制度化措施包括培育自主的市民社会 ,赋予公众以独立的活动空间 ;促进行政公开 ,建立一个开放负责的政府 ;推进行政法建设 ,抑制行政恣意     

易道辩正

易道是易学思想的精髓或内在精神,其最根本的特征是所谓的“一阴一阳之道”。作为易学结构基元的易卦卦象符号,与阴阳观念具有先天性的亲和力,从而使得阴阳观念有了一个可以符号化表征的形式系统。在汉代,阴阳五行与易学成为一个统一的有机整体。两汉的象数理论试图将易道(天道)完全形式化努力的最终结果是“入于礻几祥”,成为一套牵强附会的繁琐哲学。魏晋以后,诸如“时”、“中”一类具有明显的个人独知默会、参悟修证意义的命题,逐渐成为一阴一阳、生生不息的“易道”最为生动的表征。道之真谛,若以易理言之,就是“自强不息”,“与时偕行”。